When to Use Base Mats？

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If you are considering building a paver patio, walkway, driveway, or retaining wall, selecting the appropriate base material is crucial. Different professionals often choose various base materials depending on the specific application and the type of paver being installed. It’s important to understand the implications of your choice, as incorrect selection may lead to paver failure, cracking, or other issues such as trip hazards. Choosing the right base mats is vital for your project's success.

What comprises a paver base?

A paver base typically consists of several material layers that provide support for the paving stones. The support system includes three main layers:

Sub-base

The sub-base layer is the deepest part of your foundation. Generally, this base comprises the natural soil, which could be clay, rock, or sand, depending on your geographical location.

Baselayer

This layer acts as a cushion between the sub-base and the pavers, primarily made up of gravel. Using 3/4"-0 gravel works well, as the small particles interlock, providing stability.

Bedding layer

Typically made from sand, crushed gravel, or synthetic material, the bedding layer is the uppermost layer that keeps the pavers securely in place.

Common base materials used by professionals

Professionals generally utilize three main types of paver bases: sand-set, open-graded, and synthetic materials. Each has its distinct benefits and drawbacks that should be assessed based on your project's requirements.

Dense graded base (sand-set)

This traditional method utilizes a sand layer between the base and the pavers. While durable and long-lasting, sand-set bases can be challenging to work with and require careful installation to avoid future issues.

Open-graded base

Using crushed gravel or crushed stone, this type of base allows for good drainage and is ideal for large projects like driveways. Given its permeability, it's a great option for areas prone to flooding.

Synthetic base

An emerging choice for modern construction, synthetic bases are often made from recycled materials and offer eco-friendly alternatives for paver installations. They are easy to install but may carry higher upfront costs.

Don’t use dirt as your base

One common mistake is using dirt as a base. Dirt does not provide adequate drainage and can lead to shifting, sinking, or swelling going into the weather conditions. Proper preparation with the right base materials is essential for longevity.

So, what is the best paver base material?

The choice of the best paver base material ultimately depends on your project needs. If you prefer time-tested methods, sand-set is a reliable choice, while open-graded gravel is excellent for drainage. For large paver installations and flooding concerns, consider using synthetic materials.

To ensure your pavers last, follow these guidelines. Understand the excavation depth needed for the paving project, as this will impact its performance. For further information about base mats, visit Base Mats and explore how they could benefit your installation.

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